Dental Caries (i.e., Cavities)

• Erosion: This is the result of enamel and dentin demineralization due to non-bacterial acids such as acidic foods or stomach acid.
• Caries: This is the result of enamel and dentin demineralization due to acids released by bacterial fermentation of sugar and carbohydrates.

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities, is rare in dogs. It occurs due to demineralization of the tooth structure, leading to localized destruction of enamel, dentin, and potentially reaching the pulp of the tooth. If untreated, dental caries can cause discomfort and infection. Typically, caries form most commonly on the occlusal surface of the 1st maxillary (upper) molar and mandibular (lower) 1st molar teeth in dogs. Early identification allows for effective treatment with simple restorations (fillings). However, in advanced stages, root canal therapy or tooth extraction may be required.